Railway bridges are essential infrastructure components that provide connectivity, efficiency, safety, environmental benefits, and strategic importance. Ground response analysis (GRA) helps to identify potential soil liquefaction, soil settlement, and other seismic hazards that may affect the performance of a bridge during an earthquake. The study considers seismic site characterization and GRA of a railway bridge located on the Markanda River in Haryana. The study site is in seismic zone IV according to the IS 1893 (Part 1): 2016. The seismic site characterization is performed as per the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP), which can be used to design the foundation and structural systems of the bridge to withstand the expected seismic forces. To estimate the shear wave velocity (VS), the site-specific correlation available for the Haryana state between SPT-N and VS is used. Seven borehole data are obtained from the bridge pier and abutment locations. A 1D nonlinear GRA is performed for each borehole location using DEEPSOIL v 7.0 software. A total of 3 major seismic events from the Himalayan thrust system are used to perform the GRA. The nonlinear GRA results of all selected borehole locations are presented regarding surface acceleration time histories, variation in peak ground acceleration (PGA) with depth, amplification factor, and 5% damping response spectra. A significant amplification of the ground motions is observed at the study site.