Over the last 15 years, there has been a notable increase in the application of molecular genetics to improve global vegetable crop production. This has led to the creation of two comprehensive molecular linkage maps for vegetable crops, facilitating the identification of numerous genes and quantitative trait loci (QTLs). Through primary studies, QTLs associated with disease resistance, tolerance to abiotic stresses, and yield potential across different environments have been successfully pinpointed. The ability to precisely locate, manipulate, and potentially clone individual genes responsible for inherited traits, along with the observed conservation of numerous linkage blocks among various plant families like Solanaceous, Cucurbitaceous, Alliaceae, and Leguminous families, highlights the significant impact of map-based genetic analyses on both applied and fundamental crop research. Conventional phenotyping methods aimed at achieving consistent high yields entail evaluating yield performance across various environments and seasons, a process characterized by its labor intensity, high costs, and time consumption. Mapping populations plays a fundamental role in identifying markers associated with traits of interest. Marker-assisted selection (MAS) emerges as a pivotal tool in expediting the breeding cycle and serves as a potent molecular method for selecting fruit traits, ultimately boosting yield. High-resolution mapping of QTLs contributes to understanding the molecular basis of phenotypic variation in economically and horticulturally significant traits, thereby facilitating efforts in marker-assisted breeding.