VPPs are special power plants aggregating distributed energy resources to participate in power trading and grid operation. Their operation features diversified resource combination, controllability, openness, and interactivity. PlanningPlanning involves determining size, architecture, and technical parameters, starting with demand analysis considering external policies and internal grid and user needs. Key parameters are related to clean energy, 5G technology, energy facilities, platform construction, and data management, bringing economic benefits. Phased construction scale and component classification (distributed power, controllable loads, energy storage) are specified. The construction scale should be determined considering various resource aspects, with initial access capacity and adjustable capacity requirements. There are different control topologies (centralized, distributed, fully distributed) with varying characteristics. VPPs also face challenges in technology, market, policy, and operation, with corresponding solutions proposed for better development. They aim to reduce energy costs, enhance efficiency, and meet environmental goals while integrating diverse energy sources.