Programming is the core of computer sciences and is based on various programming languages (PL) that are diverse in language structure, code, syntax, and productivity. This study shows a comprehensive performance evaluation of three broadly used programming languages: C++, Java, and Python. Every language is assessed in view of key execution measurements like execution speed, memory utilization, and versatility in different computational undertakings. By investigating these languages in various scenarios, programming reaching from system-level and software development to artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML). Some sorting algorithms, DFS, read and write operations with different numbers of records and data items on files have been evaluated under PL. Results show that C++ outperforms other languages in applications requiring high speed, low memory usage, and excellent CPU utilization. Java is suitable for enterprise resource planning (ERP), graphical user interface (GUI), and web-based and mobile applications, whereas Python is suitable for applications based on AI and ML. Analysis aims to give insights to researchers, engineers, and developers to select the utmost suitable language for their exact performance requirements.