A comfortable outdoor thermal environment is an important prerequisite for ensuring quality of life, improving urban operational efficiency, and promoting energy conservation and emission reduction. As our aging population grows, improving outdoor thermal conditions can encourage more outdoor activities among the elderly and better utilize park spaces To clarify the thermal environment characteristics of urban park spaces and the thermal comfort of the elderly, this study Takes People's Park in Mianyang as an example, analyzing and comparing the microclimate differences of various landscape space types in summer and the thermal perception of the elderly through field measurements, questionnaire surveys, and statistical methods, and establishing evaluation criteria for the thermal comfort of the elderly. The research results indicate that: (1) Black globe temperature has the greatest impact on outdoor thermal comfort for the elderly, while relative humidity has the least impact on outdoor thermal comfort for the elderly.(2) The results of the study showed a convergence between the thermal comfort vote and the thermal acceptability vote, ranked from highest to lowest as follows: corridor space-building shading > shaded walkway space-tree shading > water body space-open > square space-open.(3) The study identified the thermal neutral PET and comfort range for the elderly in four different types of outdoor environments. The research results can provide basic data references for the optimization design of urban spatial thermal environments.