This chapter examines Hsu’s Dominant Dyad Hypothesis, a framework for understanding how dominant kinship relationships shape both kin and non-kin behavior. Hsu argues that each kinship system contains a primary dyadic relationship—such as father–son, husband–wife, or brother–brother—that serves as a prototype for other interpersonal and social relations. By analyzing relational attributes such as authority, continuity, exclusiveness, and equality, the chapter shows how dominant kinship models influence affective roles, authority dynamics, and social organization. Through cross-cultural comparison, particularly between Chinese and American kinship systems, it demonstrates how distinct dominant dyads generate divergent value orientations and behavioral norms. The chapter concludes that Hsu’s hypothesis provides a coherent framework linking micro-level kinship structures with macro-level cultural patterns, offering both explanatory power and comparative insight.