Tracing the Roots of Indians in East Africa: A Reading of M.G Vassanji’s Novels The Gunny Sack, The Book of Secrets and No New Land
摘要
Vassanji’s novels capture the footprints of Indians in the different parts of East Africa. Indian migration to East Africa is seen during the colonial period from 1834 to 1920. It was first the forced and then the chain migration with the large effect of push and pull factors. After the abolishment of slavery in the 1830s, an indentured labour system was introduced to meet the labour shortage on plantation farms and construction sites. For the British, the indenture labour system was a modification of the employment system but for the labourers from different colonies, it was just a sophisticated version of slavery. In his novels, Vassanji connects the dots between history, geography and culture of India and East Africa. The process of migration followed by the political turbulence is crucial for their upward mobility and socio-economic rise. However, the Indians do not compromise with their cultural and traditional identity. “There are some fundamental aspects of culture that form cultural nature (italics mine) of a society. This cultural nature is reflected through language, attire, home décor, ritual and festivity” (Satyan: 2023, 14). Indian diaspora protects this cultural nature of ethnic as well as adopted lands. Migration provides mutual advantage to the home as well as the host land. With time, it has been observed that migration expands national boundaries for trade and commerce and for socio-cultural exchanges. It would not be wrong to credit migration for the multicultural identity of the wider part of the world. Vassanji integrates this history with his personal experiences of racial oppression and the sense of displacement that the South Asian Indian community had to bear during colonial rule in East Africa. This chapter sheds light on the history of Indian migration to East Africa through Vassanji’s novels that chronicle colonial brutality and the resultant racism and cultural exclusion experienced by the Indians in East Africa.