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This study investigates the use of iron slag as a partial replacement for fine aggregate in concrete, with the goal of enhancing sustainability and improving concrete performance. Iron slag, an industrial by-product of iron and steel manufacturing, was incorporated into concrete mixes at replacement levels of 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%. The concrete was evaluated for workability, compressive strength, water permeability, and chloride ion resistance. Results showed that increasing iron slag content reduced workability but did not significantly affect long-term compressive strength, with mixes containing up to 20% replacement performing comparably to control mixes after 90 days. Higher slag content (20%) also improved resistance to water penetration and chloride ion permeability, indicating better durability. Linear regression analysis for workability exhibited a high R2 value of 0.9784, showing a strong correlation between actual and predicted values, while RCPT results at 28 days showed a moderate R2 value of 0.3977, suggesting that other factors may influence RCPT predictions. Overall, iron slag demonstrates potential as an eco-friendly alternative to sand in concrete production, particularly at replacement levels of up to 30%, contributing to more durable and sustainable construction materials.

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Application of Machine Learning in Predicting Compressive Strength of Concrete Incorporating Iron Slag as a Fine Aggregate Replacement

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Mohammad Afaque,
  • Rizwan Ahmad Khan,
  • Surendra Roy,
  • Mohd Ahmar Khan

摘要

This study investigates the use of iron slag as a partial replacement for fine aggregate in concrete, with the goal of enhancing sustainability and improving concrete performance. Iron slag, an industrial by-product of iron and steel manufacturing, was incorporated into concrete mixes at replacement levels of 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%. The concrete was evaluated for workability, compressive strength, water permeability, and chloride ion resistance. Results showed that increasing iron slag content reduced workability but did not significantly affect long-term compressive strength, with mixes containing up to 20% replacement performing comparably to control mixes after 90 days. Higher slag content (20%) also improved resistance to water penetration and chloride ion permeability, indicating better durability. Linear regression analysis for workability exhibited a high R2 value of 0.9784, showing a strong correlation between actual and predicted values, while RCPT results at 28 days showed a moderate R2 value of 0.3977, suggesting that other factors may influence RCPT predictions. Overall, iron slag demonstrates potential as an eco-friendly alternative to sand in concrete production, particularly at replacement levels of up to 30%, contributing to more durable and sustainable construction materials.