Concrete Encased Steel (CES) composite columns are made up of structural steel that is surrounded by reinforced concrete. The concrete casing safeguards the steel core from fire and corrosion, while also improving its resistance to buckling. Concrete-encased steel (CES) composite columns are advanced structural elements that leverage the combined strengths of concrete and structural steel to deliver exceptional performance in high-load and high-rise applications. This combination of materials enables the columns to support substantial loads while minimizing the cross-sectional area. These columns exhibit superior load-bearing capacity, enhanced rigidity, and notable resistance to lateral forces, making them a preferred choice for modern construction. Recent advancements have focused on further integrating hybrid fibers to improve their mechanical and thermal properties. Hybrid fibers enhance ductility, crack resistance, and tensile strength. Critical findings reveal that concrete-encased composite Columns with fibers demonstrate excellent fire resistance by reducing spalling and maintaining structural integrity under high temperatures, alongside improved bond strength between concrete and steel, contributing to better structural cohesion. This paper, a comprehensive review and consolidation of existing research, presents reliable findings on integrating hybrid fibers into concrete to enhance the behavior of composite columns that are encased in concrete. Additionally, the paper explores the structural behavior of encased composite columns under various loading conditions and analyzes them theoretically and numerically. Key findings are also tabulated for future reference and research.