This study explores the application of Performance-Based Design (PBD) to enhance the seismic resilience of metro station structures. PBD shifts the focus from traditional force-based methods to realistic modeling of inelastic behavior under seismic loads, offering better insight into structural performance. Using nonlinear static (pushover) and dynamic (time history) analyses, the research evaluates key performance objectives; Immediate Occupancy (IO), Life Safety (LS), and Collapse Prevention (CP) in accordance with IS and ACI codes. Results show that maximum displacements (0.0011 m in X, 0.0019 m in Y) remain well within IS 1893:2016 drift limits, and reaction forces and moments comply with IS 456:2000. A focused case study on the Chennai Central Underground Metro Station supports these findings by demonstrating how deep excavation, twin tunnel integration, and RC shear/core components can be aligned with PBD objectives in a Zone III seismic region. The station’s configuration, including a 28 m depth and complex multi-corridor layout, exemplifies the applicability of PBD to real-world infrastructure. Overall, the study confirms that PBD significantly improves seismic safety, functionality, and resilience in modern metro station design.