Urban heat vulnerability is largely shaped by the built environment which can be made cooler and resilient by incorporating sustainable building practices through good and responsible urban planning strategies. Young children, elderly and low-income groups get impacted because of heat events like heat waves or urban heat island effect. Heat vulnerability depends on the factors like health, age, socio-economic status and access to resources to cope up with heat stress, thus it becomes a challenging and dynamic phenomenon. Different methods like GIS mapping and indexing techniques are used across the world to measure urban heat vulnerability but nnone of these approaches are exactly suitable for the entire Indian urban context due to the complexity in climate, geography, socio-economic status and culture. This paper provides a detailed review of frameworks used globally and suggests a methodology to be adapted to assess urban heat vulnerability, and its application in India to address the gap in existing literature.