As an important clean energy source, nuclear energy is widely used in power generation around the world. In the face of the impacts of events such as the Fukushima, Three Mile Island, and Chernobyl incidents in recent decades, more and more countries have begun to attach great importance to the safety and efficiency of nuclear energy. The man-machine interface (HMI), as an important means for operators to monitor various parameters of a nuclear power plant, plays a crucial role in the operation of the nuclear power plant. It not only affects the decision-making process of operators but also has a direct bearing on the safety and economic benefits of the nuclear power plant. With the continuous development of human factors engineering theory, research on the man-machine interface of nuclear power plants has gradually increased. However, there are still many problems that urgently need to be solved. In the face of a number of human error incidents in in-service nuclear power plants in recent years, some typical man-machine interfaces related to these incidents are selected for human error prevention and optimization improvement, aiming to reduce the load on operators and the risk of human errors, so as to achieve the goal of improving the safety of nuclear power plants.