India’s rapid urbanization presents unique challenges in ensuring a healthy and sustainable household environment for all urban residents. This study utilizes data on 610,000 households from the National Family Health Survey-5 to comprehensively examine disparities in access to clean drinking water, sanitation, covered drainage, clean cooking fuel, separate ventilated kitchens, electricity, and adequate living space in urban areas of India. While over 80% of urban households in India have access to improved toilets and clean cooking fuel, the access to piped drinking water and closed drainage is limited to only 60% of urban households, with notable disparities observed across social groups, religions, and districts. Households from Muslim and Backward communities face slight disadvantages as compared to their Hindu and Forward counterparts. Moreover, significant geographic disparities are evident in access to piped water, separate and ventilated kitchens, and closed drainage. In conclusion, these challenges and gaps in achieving universal access to basic amenities in urban India suggest the urgent need for targeted interventions to address socioeconomic and geographic disparities and promote sustainable and inclusive urban development.