Australian Standards are voluntary standards that can be incorporated into legislation or agreements. Three of these standards are relevant to private urban trees: AS 2303:2018 Tree Stock for Landscape Use; AS 4373-2007 Pruning of Amenity Trees; and AS 4970-2009 Protection of Trees on Development Sites. These three standards are widely used by local governments to specify nursery stock to be used in planting as a development condition; pruning that may be done without a permit, and tree protection conditions during construction, respectively. Tree valuation methods are not the subject of an Australian Standard, although one was drafted and re-drafted several times before being abandoned. In the context of private urban trees, monetary valuation is often undertaken to determine fines for tree damage offences, tree bond amounts, or to calculate compensation or damages for trees removed or damaged. Formulaic valuation methods commonly used in Australia include the Revised Burnley Method and the Thyer Method. Different valuation methods produce differing results for the same tree. Market valuation of urban trees derived from property values has shown that trees on private land have lower values than trees on public land, possibly resulting from landowners bearing the costs of private trees.