Bangladesh gained independence at the end of 1971, and over the last 50 years, teaching, training, and research in mental health have remained underdeveloped. The first undergraduate medical curriculum was developed in 1988. Before that, there was a syllabus based on the existing colonial medical education system. Teaching and training in psychiatry are grossly neglected in the undergraduate level curriculum in Bangladesh, with 20 hours of lecture and four weeks of clinical ward placement. The Diploma in Psychological Medicine was the first postgraduate degree in Bangladesh, started in 1975, which was stopped later. The Master of Philosophy (MPhil) course in psychiatry was initiated in 1995, but was stopped later. A fellowship (Fellow of Bangladesh College of Physicians and Surgeons [FCPS]) was opened in 1979, and it is continuing. There is a membership (Member of the College of Physicians and Surgeons [MCPS]) program with a shorter duration. In 1995, the Doctor of Medicine (MD) in psychiatry was opened, which was revamped as “Residency Program” in 2010. There are two academic journals with a scope in mental health in Bangladesh. This chapter highlights the teaching, training, and research in mental health in Bangladesh.