The transition to zero-emission buildings is crucial for improving energy performance and achieving global low-carbon goals. This study introduces a GIS and simulation-based methodology to assess the impact of zero-emission building standards on carbon reduction targets, applicable across various urban settings. Using China as a case study, the research examines four climate zones: Shenzhen (hot summer, warm winter), Harbin (extremely cold), Beijing (cold), and Shanghai (hot summer, cold winter). Residential buildings are categorized into archetypes based on height and age. Simulations of baseline energy demands for heating and cooling use archetype-specific configurations and schedules from a public database. The methodology evaluates carbon reduction measures at the building level, assessing their effectiveness across different archetypes and climates. Passive measures enable most buildings in Beijing, Harbin, and Shanghai to achieve nearly zero carbon emission thresholds, except for terraced houses in Harbin and Shanghai. In Shenzhen, active measures like PV panels and HVAC upgrades are required for most building types. The results demonstrate the potential of zero-carbon building standards to reduce energy use and carbon emissions. Insights from this case study highlight effective retrofit strategies for various archetypes and climates, providing a foundation for future upscaling efforts. This scalable approach offers a robust framework for designers and urban planners to implement zero-carbon building standards globally, using China as a proof-of-concept.