This chapter provides a systematic exposition of the principles and methodological system for 2D prediction and evaluation of mineral resources based on the GIS platform. It focuses on data collection and preprocessing, prospecting model establishment, quantification and transformation of digital models, analysis and extraction of metallogenic geological conditions, as well as implementation methods for positional, quantitative assessment, and fixed-probability prediction. By extensively collecting geological, geophysical, geochemical, remote sensing geological, and mineral data in the study area while summarizing metallogenic laws in-depth guided by theories such as geological anomaly ore-forming theory and comprehensive information mineral evaluation, multivariate geological prospecting information is extracted using the GIS platform. Mathematical models like Weights of Evidence are employed to synthesize this information for delineating favorable ore-forming areas.