The issues of energy and mineral resources research, are not only frontier scientific issues, but also national demand issues. The rapid development of China’s economy has expanded the demand for mineral resources (incl. resource quantity and types) tremendously in recent years. At the same time, the known shortage of mineral resources has made it increasingly difficult to find them, leading to an increasing supply-demand contradiction in mineral resources. Facing with such a severe situation of mineral resources, it is urgent to solve the problems of difficult identification, difficult discovery and difficult utilization, as well as new types, new depths, and new techniques, which require high attention to the joint research and development of new theories, new technologies and new methods. In particular, nowadays the object of mineral exploration has been from locating the superficial deposits, shallow deposits, easy-to-identify deposits to concealed deposits, deep deposits, difficult-to-identify deposits in China, the difficulty in prospecting is swelling, and the success rate of mineral exploration depends more on intensified study in metallogenic laws, mineral resources prediction theories and scientific evaluation methods.