The COVID-19 pandemic profoundly disrupted Myanmar’s garment industry, a critical sector for employment, particularly among women. This paper examines the impact of the pandemic on garment workers in Myanmar by analyzing employment disruptions, income loss, gendered effects, and the role of social protection. Employing a mixed-methods approach, data were collected via phone interviews with 610 workers, 19 key informant interviews, and 4 focus group discussions across major industrial zones. Findings indicate a 26% decline in employment and a 23% drop in total wage bills between December 2019 and June 2020. Overtime hours were significantly reduced—by 59% in garment factories and 69% in footwear and bag factories. Women disproportionately shouldered domestic burdens, with over half reporting responsibility for cleaning and food preparations, compared to fewer than 10% of male spouses. Severance payments were inconsistently provided and often fell below legal thresholds, driving many into high-interest debt. Migrant workers faced additional barriers to access food and cash assistance. The pandemic exposed structural weaknesses in Myanmar’s labor protections and social safety nets. Key policy recommendations include enforcing labor laws on severance pay, expanding unemployment benefits, offering skills training, and improving GBV prevention and response mechanisms. These measures are essential to support garment workers’ well-being and facilitate equitable recovery.