The current period is characterized by deglobalization, the promotion of sanctions and protectionist policies, as well as economic, energy, and geopolitical shocks. In such conditions, competing in the global market without competitive goods isn’t easy. The competitiveness of the national economy also depends on the country’s ability to produce competitive goods. At the same time, the cost of energy resources and transportation costs have increased sharply, which has particularly affected small economies and energy-importing countries, such as Moldova. Under these conditions, the relevance of the study’s goal increases: to identify the factors that play a key role in enhancing the competitiveness of Moldovan exports. The study employs a quantitative analysis, utilizing correlation and regression methods to evaluate the impact of labor productivity, inflation, investment in fixed assets, and average monthly wages on the competitiveness of Moldovan exports. Identifying the factors influencing competitiveness will enable Moldovan businesses to adapt to new conditions and help the state elaborate measures to enhance competitiveness.