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The muonic component of air showers is crucial for understanding the mass composition of primary cosmic rays. Hadronic interaction models are used in simulations that govern the development of air showers. However, discrepancies persist between these model predictions and experimental data, indicating a muon deficit suggesting further refinements are needed in current models. In these proceedings, we present a comparative analysis of three high-energy hadronic interaction models EPOS-LHC, QGSJET II-04, and SIBYLL 2.3 to assess the models’ effectiveness. Focusing on muon lateral distributions and their dependence on cosmic ray composition, we investigate multiple primary nuclei across the TeV to PeV energy spectrum, aiming to enhance our understanding of model performance and refine our interpretations of muon observables in the GRAPES-3 experiment.

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Examining Hadronic Interaction Models Through Muon Lateral Distributions at the GRAPES-3 Experiment

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Ria Kataria,
  • Bibhuti Parida,
  • Pravata K. Mohanty

摘要

The muonic component of air showers is crucial for understanding the mass composition of primary cosmic rays. Hadronic interaction models are used in simulations that govern the development of air showers. However, discrepancies persist between these model predictions and experimental data, indicating a muon deficit suggesting further refinements are needed in current models. In these proceedings, we present a comparative analysis of three high-energy hadronic interaction models EPOS-LHC, QGSJET II-04, and SIBYLL 2.3 to assess the models’ effectiveness. Focusing on muon lateral distributions and their dependence on cosmic ray composition, we investigate multiple primary nuclei across the TeV to PeV energy spectrum, aiming to enhance our understanding of model performance and refine our interpretations of muon observables in the GRAPES-3 experiment.