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This study presents the design and performance evaluation of a Horizontal Flow Constructed Wetland (HFCW) system implemented at an educational institution in Kochi, Kerala, India. The system was designed to treat wastewater for a population of 40, with an average flow of 50 liters per person daily. The wetland was sized at 7m x 2m, receiving inflow from a septic tank. Water samples were collected from four units over 12 weeks, and various parameters such as pH, Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total alkalinity, Phosphate, Sulfate, Kjeldahl nitrogen, Ammoniacal nitrogen, Nitrate, Turbidity, coliforms were monitored. The system achieved high removal efficiencies, with COD and BOD reduction rates of 96.66% and 90.91%, respectively. Nitrogen removal efficiency reached 95.68%, and phosphate removal peaked at 76.47%. The treated water has significantly reduced sulfate and coliform. These results indicate the effectiveness of the HFCW in treating wastewater while maintaining stable performance over time. The study highlights the system's potential as a sustainable and reliable solution for wastewater management in educational settings and suggests broader applicability for similar institutions or small communities.

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Sustainable Wastewater Management Through Nature-Based Solutions in an Educational Institution: A Case Study from Kochi, India

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Sruthy Robert,
  • Ratish Menon,
  • Sunny George

摘要

This study presents the design and performance evaluation of a Horizontal Flow Constructed Wetland (HFCW) system implemented at an educational institution in Kochi, Kerala, India. The system was designed to treat wastewater for a population of 40, with an average flow of 50 liters per person daily. The wetland was sized at 7m x 2m, receiving inflow from a septic tank. Water samples were collected from four units over 12 weeks, and various parameters such as pH, Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total alkalinity, Phosphate, Sulfate, Kjeldahl nitrogen, Ammoniacal nitrogen, Nitrate, Turbidity, coliforms were monitored. The system achieved high removal efficiencies, with COD and BOD reduction rates of 96.66% and 90.91%, respectively. Nitrogen removal efficiency reached 95.68%, and phosphate removal peaked at 76.47%. The treated water has significantly reduced sulfate and coliform. These results indicate the effectiveness of the HFCW in treating wastewater while maintaining stable performance over time. The study highlights the system's potential as a sustainable and reliable solution for wastewater management in educational settings and suggests broader applicability for similar institutions or small communities.