Sea level rise accelerates the rate of coastal erosion, threatening the safety of coastal infrastructure. This study uses XBeach to establish a one-dimensional beach profile evolution model, simulating coastal evolution under different engineering measures (submerged breakwaters, berm nourishment, and dune nourishment) and exploring the impact of sea level rise on wave transmission. The research finds that wave height changes little in deep water areas but significantly increases in shallow water areas, with the wave-breaking zone moving closer to the coast after sea level rise. In storm surge events, submerged breakwaters can significantly attenuate wave energy and reduce wave height; however, their protective efficacy diminishes progressively with rising sea levels. Berm nourishment can enhance beach width and effectively mitigate beach erosion, yet sediment loss in nourished areas is exacerbated by sea level rise. Dune nourishment can effectively counteract erosion of land areas resulting from sea level rise, although it is essential to ensure a sustainable supply of sediment. In non-storm wave scenarios, underwater berm nourishment plays a crucial role in beach widening, necessitating an increase in berm height in response to rising water levels. This study provides relevant engineering recommendations to address the impact of sea level rise on the coast, helping to optimize coastal protection projects and promote the sustainable management of coastal zones.