Over the past three decades, dentistry has made remarkable strides in all branches. These developments have necessitated the use of increasingly accurate diagnostic instruments, particularly imaging techniques. Modern dentistry now uses sophisticated imaging modalities such as computed tomography (CT), cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and ultrasound in addition to the basic intraoral periapical radiographs. The gradual switch from analog to digital radiography and recent incorporation of deep learning (DL), artificial intelligence (AI), and robotics has made data storage, accessibility, manipulation (brightness/contrast, cropping, etc.), and retrieval highly convenient. The intricate craniofacial structures are now easier to examine, and deep-seated lesions can be diagnosed early and accurately owing to the advent of three-dimensional imaging. This chapter examines the different types of imaging techniques along with the recent developments in this field and how they are applied in various dental specialties.