Periodontics is the branch of dentistry that deals with the periodontium, that is; the investing and supporting tissues of tooth, in health and disease. Chronic periodontitis is defined as “the infectious disease resulting in inflammation within the supporting structures of the tooth, attachment loss and bone loss” (Flemming, Ann Periodontol 4:32, 1999). Periodontal disease is multifactorial, which makes it a diagnostic challenge for clinicians in evaluating patient’s periodontal health and devising a thorough treatment plan. It accounts to significant amount of global public health burden every year and 21% of global productivity loss of USD 38.85 billion (Jamison and Alleyne, Disease control priorities in developing countries. World Bank Publications, Herndon, VA, 2006; Petersen and Ogawa, Periodontology 60(1):15–39, 2000; Righolt et al., J Dent Res 97(5):501–507, 2018). Timely monitoring of patient and record keeping are indispensable for holistic periodontal healthcare. To understand the pathophysiology of periodontal disease, routine clinical examination, supplemented with patient’s history and radiographs, is insufficient for correct diagnosis. With the discovery of risk groups and uncertain pathology, we need to delve deeper into microbiome and genomic analysis, disease progression, and a patient’s individual risk and response to periodontal disease and its treatment. Artificial intelligence could be a game-changer in diagnosis, image analysis, treatment planning, predictive analysis, patient engagement and dental education.