Individuals who have never had any form of musical training can distinguish differences in pitch, such as high or low tones, upon hearing periodic sound waves. Individuals who have received some level of musical training can identify the pitch of a sound that they hear with a name or transcribe it on sheet music. Musical scales are learned, and a sound is recognized as a specific pitch within those scales. This is possible because the scale system exists. What, then, are scales? To understand scales, imagine building stairs of pitches of a fundamental tone from a single note. A scale is a concept that divides the space (interval) between certain tones into specific, consistent intervals. Then, when and how were scales developed, and how did they become the scales that we know today?