Most non-neoplastic spinal cord diseases are often compressive spinal cord diseases due to trauma or degenerative changes. However, when various neurological diseases with spinal cord dysfunction are shown without such preceding causes and radiological abnormalities are shown, neoplastic or non-neoplastic spinal cord diseases are considered. Neoplastic spinal cord diseases are covered in Chap. 11 , and here we will describe non-neoplastic spinal cord diseases.