The merging of blockchain and the industrial internet of things (IIoT) will reshape how smart manufacturing systems operate. This paper proposes a conceptual framework for using blockchain’s decentralization architecture, cryptographic integrity, and smart contract automation to improve process monitoring in industrial environments. With real-time data collection from IIoT devices and secure transparent Blockchain ledgers, the proposed model addresses important issues such as tampering, interoperability, and latency when it comes to decision-making. It also supports real-time analytics through incorporating reduced latencies using edge processing and message queuing. Additional design principles will address scalability issues by layered Blockchain structures and fog computing nodes, allowing the framework to keep pace with rising data volumes and increasing device densities. Even though the model is built on the latest breakthroughs and conforms to the Industry 4.0 paradigms, a prototype and experimental simulations are planned to value its empirical viability. Notably, this work intends to establish a resilient and efficient digital infrastructure for Next Generation industrial process monitoring.