Indian Traditional Medicines are in practice from centuries for the local and global health care. They are also one of the cornerstones for treatment of new and chronic disorders and practiced throughout the world, particularly in West Asia (India, Pakistan, Tibet), East Asia (China, Korea, Japan, Vietnam), Africa, and the Americas. India’s wealth of biodiversity and cultural heritage has been always fascinated for its unparalleled natural qualities and values. India is a botanical treasure trove with over 18,000 plant species that spread across the 15 diverse agroclimatic zones. These zones are rich in medicinal plants that provides raw material for traditional medicines and further serve significantly for ancient medical systems like Ayurveda, Unani, Siddha, Homoeopathy, Naturopathy, etc. The Vedic scripts are so rich in information that it led to explore bioactive metabolites and discovery of modern drugs. These natural products are diverse, with applications in human, veterinary, and agricultural sectors. The current information insights the medical inheritance of Indian traditional medicines with global impact.