Drugs play an irreplaceable role in disease prevention and treatment, rehabilitation, health care, disaster relief, and epidemic prevention for the public. Their significance in economic development and national security has become increasingly prominent. As a special commodity, drugs face great challenges in research and development innovation, require strong professional technical expertise in production and use, can trigger adverse reactions even under normal use, and pose significant risks to patient health and social stability when of low quality or misused. The drug supply guarantee system stands alongside the public health service system, medical service system, and medical security system as one of the four beams of China’s basic medical and health system. Moreover, the guarantee of drug supply is also one of the key tasks in the construction of Healthy China.