This chapter examines the possible consequences of the current global strategic dispute in the South American and South Atlantic space for Brazil, Latin America, and the Caribbean, in the field of security and defence. Based on documentary research and using exploratory qualitative methodology, an analysis of the bibliography consulted was carried out and built upon concepts of the theory of international relations, geopolitics, and the principles of security and defence that guide nations. It was conceived that the growing Chinese insertion in Latin America and the presence of other extra-regional actors threatens North American hegemony in the Hemisphere, meanwhile hindering the advancement of regional integration initiatives. In the context of competition within great powers, the South Atlantic, despite occupying a peripheral position, acquires strategic importance and may have its stability compromised if the dispute intensifies. For Brazil, the advantage of its maritime dimension depends on a strong strategic naval presence in the South Atlantic, whose stability and security depend on the mutual involvement of neighbouring states positioned on its strategic surrounding.