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This chapter examines the evolution of geopolitics in Brazil, spanning from its colonial and imperial roots to the complexities of the present day, with a specific emphasis on South America. Throughout pivotal historical periods, including the administrations of Vargas, JK, FHC, Lula da Silva in the 2000s, and the distinctive approach of the Jair Bolsonaro era, the chapter aims to unravel the traditions that have shaped Brazil’s geopolitical identity. The chapter begins by establishing the foundational context that defined Brazil’s early geopolitical traditions. Transitioning to the twentieth century, we delve into pivotal historical junctures, notably the FHC government’s explicit objective to leverage Brazil’s regional platform within South America as a foundational springboard. This strategic vision continued to unfold and crystallise during the two transformative mandates of Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva. A central focus is placed on the contrasting approach of the Bolsonaro administration, which deliberately defied traditional regional emphasis, opting to abandon the epicentre of interest on South America and cultivate closer ties with the USA instead. The analysis searches into the implications of this shift for Brazil’s geopolitical strategies within the region and its global positioning. We also assess the early stages of Lula’s third mandate, identifying signs of anachronism and a persistent inclination to perceive the world through a lens reflective of two decades prior. This observation prompts crucial inquiries into the prospect of potential missteps in Brazilian foreign policy and the consequential obstacles to substantial advancements in regional integration. The objective of the chapter is to provide a nuanced and longue durée understanding of Brazil’s geopolitical traditions, unravelling the complexities of its regional positioning. Special attention is given to analysing the disruptive changes brought about by the Bolsonaro government and the prospective challenges and opportunities posed by the third mandate of Lula.

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The Evolving Geopolitics of Brazil in South America: From Colonial and Imperial Roots to Twenty-First-Century Realities

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • María Victoria Álvarez,
  • Camilo López Burian,
  • Gisela Pereyra Doval

摘要

This chapter examines the evolution of geopolitics in Brazil, spanning from its colonial and imperial roots to the complexities of the present day, with a specific emphasis on South America. Throughout pivotal historical periods, including the administrations of Vargas, JK, FHC, Lula da Silva in the 2000s, and the distinctive approach of the Jair Bolsonaro era, the chapter aims to unravel the traditions that have shaped Brazil’s geopolitical identity. The chapter begins by establishing the foundational context that defined Brazil’s early geopolitical traditions. Transitioning to the twentieth century, we delve into pivotal historical junctures, notably the FHC government’s explicit objective to leverage Brazil’s regional platform within South America as a foundational springboard. This strategic vision continued to unfold and crystallise during the two transformative mandates of Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva. A central focus is placed on the contrasting approach of the Bolsonaro administration, which deliberately defied traditional regional emphasis, opting to abandon the epicentre of interest on South America and cultivate closer ties with the USA instead. The analysis searches into the implications of this shift for Brazil’s geopolitical strategies within the region and its global positioning. We also assess the early stages of Lula’s third mandate, identifying signs of anachronism and a persistent inclination to perceive the world through a lens reflective of two decades prior. This observation prompts crucial inquiries into the prospect of potential missteps in Brazilian foreign policy and the consequential obstacles to substantial advancements in regional integration. The objective of the chapter is to provide a nuanced and longue durée understanding of Brazil’s geopolitical traditions, unravelling the complexities of its regional positioning. Special attention is given to analysing the disruptive changes brought about by the Bolsonaro government and the prospective challenges and opportunities posed by the third mandate of Lula.