Barred Loach Nemacheilus fasciatus (Valenciennes, 1846) in Indonesia: Domestication and Aquaculture Development
摘要
The barred loach Nemacheilus fasciatus (Valenciennes, 1846), is an Indonesian native freshwater fish, with economically valuable as potential aquaculture commodity (Hadie et al., 2011). This fish belongs to the Nemacheilidae family and is distributed across rivers in Eurasia and Ethiopia, from lowlands up to altitude of 5200 m above sea level (Kottelat & Freyhof, 2007; Kottelat, 2013). In Indonesia, the population of barred loach is found in Java and Sumatra (Hadiaty & Yamahira, 2014; Prakoso et al., 2016; Ath-thar et al., 2018). Typically, the Nemacheilidae group resides in clean water environments with calm to slightly swift currents, prefers gravel substrates, and tends to lives in groups. The species thrives in water with good quality, oxygen levels above 5 mg/L, pH 6.5–7, and temperature between 24 and 27 °C. Their main diet includes phytoplankton, zooplankton, and detritus, classifying them as mixed eaters or omnivores (Husnah, 2015; Wibisono, 2014). Observation on the stomach contents of barred loach revealed a variety of organisms, including Cocconeis sp., Nebella sp., Bulbochaete sp., Cymbella sp., Navicula sp., Surirella sp., Anabaena sp., Merismopedia sp., Cenosphaera sp., Lecane sp., Trichoptera sp., and other phytoplankton, with a dietary composition of 58% phytoplankton and 42% zooplankton. Furthermore, the observed sex ratio of barred loach population in the Lekso River, Blitar, East Java, is 1:1.25 (male:female) (Tjahjo et al., 2017).