The Stand-based Silvicultural Management System (SSMS) is designed to facilitate the natural regeneration of trees, but natural regeneration often fails even under the SSMS, mostly due to dense dwarf bamboos. Therefore, management practices for assisting the regrowth of forests are necessary for sustainable forest management in Hokkaido. Although soil scarification after clearcutting is one method for assisted natural regeneration (ANR), it often leads to stands with low diversity, dominated by only a few pioneer tree species such as Betula spp. Patch scarification without clearcutting can be an effective method for ANR, because small-scale gaps created by selection cutting can establish heterogeneous light environments on the forest floor. The University of Tokyo Hokkaido Forest (UTHF) has also been establishing plantation forests since its early years, but the quantity and methods have changed over time. Before 1980, it was common to establish monoculture plantations, including nonnative species. However, after a major windthrow in 1981, the UTHF has shifted to implementing low-density, polyculture planting with native conifers, aiming for the afforestation of conifer-broadleaf mixed forests, which are thought to be more resistant to natural disturbances. Furthermore, efforts to improve materials used for plantations have been made through introduction breeding, selective breeding, and cross-breeding.