In order to make the cutting performance of key component pick reliable and stable, ensure the normal work of shearer and promote the productivity of coal. The pick model established in Solidworks in this paper is imported into ABAQUS with step file. A 10-node quadratic tetrahedron element C3D10 is selected, and the tip of the pick is encrypted. According to the mechanics of materials, the yield limit of the pick material 42CrMo steel is 450 MPa, and the safety factor of the material is 1.5 according to the actual working conditions, so the allowable stress of the pick is 300 MPa. The maximum equivalent stress of the pick under three working conditions is 83.8 MPa, 218.8 MPa and 374.6 MPa respectively. Therefore, after the cutting bit falls off, the equivalent stress of the pick seat of the cutting bit has exceeded the allowable stress of the pick body material, so that it will break at the maximum equivalent stress, that is, the joint between the pick seat and the cutting bit, and bend and deform at the joint between the pick seat and the pick handle. This is consistent with the actual failure form of the pick. Therefore, when the shearer is working in normal coal cutting, if the drum has abnormal vibration or abnormal sound, the reason is probably that the cutter head of the pick falls off. At this time, the pick should be replaced in time to avoid the abnormal vibration caused by the shearer cutting coal from affecting other parts.