Air pollution and climate change are two of the most vital environmental threats of this century, as their effects are being severely felt around the world. Floods, fires, heat waves, large-scale melting of polar ice caps, rising sea levels, and changes in wind and ocean circulation are direct consequences of global warming. In India, the occurrence of festivals has been linked to increased air pollution and associated health risks. The coordinated use of pyrotechnics increases air pollution in the case of global festival occurrences. This chapter analyses the emission of toxic air pollutants from fireworks and the resulting poor air quality during the Vishu festival in Kannur, Kerala, as a case study to illustrate health issues. This has been linked with a sudden increase in respiratory cases among different age groups, demonstrating that children and the elderly are the most vulnerable to the increasing air pollution caused by fireworks.