The aim of this study was describe and compare anthropometric and body composition of university basketball players in China and Malaysia. The study involved 60 male participants, divided into two groups: 30 basketball players from the School of Physical Education at Zhengzhou University of Technology (ZUT) China, and 30 players from the university-level basketball team at Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM). All participants were between the ages of 19–24. Morphological characteristics were assessed using four variables: height, weight, leg length, and foot size. Body composition was evaluated using two variables: body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage. The central parameters and dispersion parameters of all variables were calculated. Non-parametric tests and correlation analyses were conducted to determine the differences and correlations in anthropometric measurements and body composition between ZUT and UTM basketball players. The results showed that ZUT athletes have significantly greater height, weight, and leg length compared to UTM athletes (p < 0.001 and p = 0.009). There is no significant difference in BMI and foot size between the two groups (p = 0.684, p = 0.790). The body fat percentage in the ZUT group is slightly higher than that of the UTM group. Both groups show a significant positive correlation between height and weight, foot size, and leg length, and the ZUT group shows higher correlations between BMI, body fat percentage, height and weight, and height and foot size. Therefore, these findings may provide coaches with insights into the significant anthropometric differences between the two countries.