This chapter introduces three emerging strands in foreign language anxiety (FLA) research: the exploration of enjoyment as a positive counterpart to anxiety in foreign language (FL) learning, the application of the idiodynamic method to investigate affective dimensions of second language communication, and the growing use of longitudinal designs to capture emotional trajectories over time. The positive psychology (PP) movement in SLA has sparked increased interest in positive emotions, with enjoyment becoming the most widely studied. In line with the dynamic turn in SLA, informed by complex dynamic systems theory (CDST), the idiodynamic method enables the moment-by-moment tracking of emotional fluctuations within individual learners, while longitudinal research provides insights into how emotions evolve across instructional contexts. The chapter concludes with a review of an exemplar empirical study employing the idiodynamic method and outlines pedagogical implications and future directions informed by these three developments.