Evaluation of the characteristics of different soils occurring in a river basin is important, as it affects infiltration and runoff in the catchment, thus flooding the downstream. Erodibility of soils in the river basin depends on their characteristics causing silting in the reservoir and in the riverbed itself. The physical characteristics of the soil depict its texture, physical properties (size, shape, color, etc.), and workability. In this study, we examined the characteristics of soils of the Upper Sabarmati River Basin, which extends from the southern part of Rajasthan to Gujarat State, India. In the present study, the soils were classified in different hydrological groups based on the standard classification method. A Land Use and Land Cover map of the study area was developed for the correlation with the types of soil occurring in the river basin as the hydrology of the area mainly depends on the ground conditions (soil, topography, etc.), vegetation, and rainfall. The present study would be helpful in the flood modeling and erosion studies, which will help in taking adequate remedial measures for flood control and proper land use planning. The runoff potentials of the soils can also be reduced by changing the land use and land cover pattern and planting different types of trees in the catchment.