Bacterial cellulose (BC), a highly pure and biocompatible biopolymer produced by microbial fermentation, offers exceptional properties such as high water retention, mechanical strength, and a nanofibrous structure resembling the extracellular matrix. These features make it an excellent candidate for wound dressing applications. In recent years, the incorporation of recombinant antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) into BC hydrogels has gained increasing attention as an innovative strategy for enhancing wound healing outcomes. AMPs are short, cationic peptides that possess potent broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and the ability to modulate immune responses and promote tissue regeneration. This chapter presents an overview of the production of recombinant AMPs through microbial expression systems and their subsequent integration into BC matrices using various methods such as physical entrapment, adsorption, and covalent binding. The resulting AMP-loaded BC hydrogels not only provide a moist and protective wound environment but also ensure sustained antimicrobial activity, which is particularly advantageous in the treatment of chronic and infected wounds. The chapter also reviews the physicochemical and biological properties of these composite hydrogels, emphasizing their structural integrity, biocompatibility, and ability to support cell proliferation and tissue repair. Overall, the synergistic combination of bacterial cellulose and recombinant antimicrobial peptides represents a promising platform for the development of next-generation wound dressings with enhanced therapeutic efficacy.