Can prone positioning improve outcomes in patients with severe ARDS? The PROSEVA trial evaluated the efficacy of prone positioning in patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) who were receiving mechanical ventilation. This multicenter randomized controlled trial enrolled patients with PaO2/FiO2 ratios of 150 or less and compared the outcomes of patients placed in the prone position for at least 12 h per day with those maintained in the supine position. The study found that prone positioning significantly reduced 28-day mortality, with patients in the prone group experiencing improved oxygenation and lower incidence of ventilator-associated complications. These results support prone positioning as an effective and life-saving strategy for managing severe ARDS, providing a strong evidence base for its routine use in critical care settings.