The enhanced UTAUT-3 model is an improved version of the UTAUT-3 model that incorporates environmental sustainability constructs to study the variables leading to a sustainable uptake of robotic process automation (RPA) in higher education institutions. Drawing on a sample of 140 administrators from private and government universities in Rajasthan, India, the research makes use of partial least squares structural equation modeling for exploring the relationships between traditional technology acceptance factors and sustainability-oriented variables. The enhanced model incorporates environmental consciousness, green IT readiness, and sustainability culture along with conventional UTAUT-3 constructs. The results indicate a strong model explanatory power (R2 = 0.683) with performance expectancy (β = 0.289, p < 0.001) along with environmental consciousness (β = 0.278, p < 0.001) as the strongest predictors of adoption intention. The study affirms all significant positive effects of the hypothesized relationships, technology readiness (β = 0.267, p < 0.001), and facilitating conditions (β = 0.256, p < 0.001) as having substantial influences as well. The measurement model presented strong psychometric properties as all the constructs have shown high reliability (Cronbach's α > 0.84) and satisfactory convergent and discriminant validity (AVE > 0.65). Both theory and practice are enriched by this research in validating an integrated framework for the adoption of sustainable technologies in educational settings. It draws the line between achieving operational efficiency and being socially responsible in the adoption of RPA. It also provides practical input for all the higher education institutions that want to implement a sustainable RPA solution. Further, it refers to an extensive methodology that covers technological and environmental aspects of digital transformation.