Petroleum and natural gas sector is the dominant contributor to the economic growth of Brunei, accounting for over 50% of the country’s GDP, which is why its economy fluctuates with the vicissitudes of oil prices. Although this dependence compels the country to import its manufactured goods and food, the country has since 2021 been on a significant economic diversification drive when the government rolled out a roadmap for achieving sustainable economic growth and development. The priority areas are the downstream oil and gas, food, tourism, information and communications technology, and services. It is worth noting that the ongoing economic diversification programme also prioritizes the agricultural and fisheries sectors. Although the contribution of the agricultural and fisheries sectors to the economic growth of the country is only approximately 1%, Brunei is poised to achieve self-sufficiency in broiler chicken, eggs production, day old chicks, fisheries, fertilized eggs and fruit production in the near future. The government’s interventions also suggest that medium- to long-term self-sufficiency shall be achieved in cattle, goat, sheep, buffalo, vegetables, and paddy. The adoption of new farming strategies and technologies are expected to raise labour productivity by enhancing human capital, attracting investment, supporting resource optimization and value addition, reducing postharvest losses and through extensions into agrifood processing also suggests an expansion in the contribution to food to the country’s GDP. This chapter discusses the economic sustainability of the agricultural and fisheries sectors in Brunei, especially since the introduction of leveraging strategies to develop agriculture and strengthen food security.