Dryland ecosystems, covering 40% of Earth’s terrestrial surface and supporting over 2 billion people, face critical threats from climate change, land degradation, and unsustainable practices. Ecosystem-based restoration (EbR) emerges as a promising solution to reverse degradation, bolster ecological resilience, and enhance livelihoods. This chapter critically examines governance structures, stakeholder engagement, and policy frameworks essential for successful dryland restoration. Emphasis is placed on integrated governance models, participatory approaches, and cross-sectoral collaboration to address challenges such as fragmented policies, insufficient funding, and weak enforcement mechanisms. Case studies, including Africa’s Great Green Wall and India’s community-driven initiatives, demonstrate the potential of coordinated restoration efforts in achieving ecological, social, and economic gains. Key gaps are identified, with recommendations to improve policy coherence, mobilize resources, and adopt innovative technologies like AI and remote sensing. Aligning local actions with global frameworks like the UNCCD and Bonn Challenge, this analysis highlights the need for sustained partnerships to ensure dryland ecosystems’ long-term viability.