This study examines how the intonation patterns differ between statements and yes-no questions in Persian. Utilizing the tilt model, variables including duration, pitch amplitude, and tilt are compared between the latter types of sentences. Considering that the studies conducted in the field indicate that the difference between questions and statements is in the last intonation event, the goal is to determine which acoustic parameter(s) are conceptually important in identifying the type of the sentence. Statistical analyses, perceptual tests, and manipulation of acoustic variables are employed to achieve the intended objective of the study. For the production stage 40 questions along with statements—as their counterpart—are recited by five Persian speakers. The data are then analyzed through the Praat software to determine and measure the acoustic parameters. The results of the statistical analyses (student’s t-test) reveal that the averages related to duration and pitch amplitude excluding the tilt variable are higher in the final peak in question sentences. At the next step, the target points are manipulated including edge f0, final peak, rightmost valley, and penultimate valley aiming at converting statements into questions. Perceptual saliences of these acoustic cues are explored through questionnaire identification tests. The perception test results indicate that only the utterance-final edge F0 is a strong perceptual cue providing a distinction between questions and statements. Also, simultaneous manipulation of all the target points is shown to have the greatest effect on the identification of sentence types.

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Manipulation of Statements’ Acoustic Variables to Convert Them into Yes/No Questions Based on the Tilt Model

  • Marziyeh Badiee,
  • Batool Alinezhad

摘要

This study examines how the intonation patterns differ between statements and yes-no questions in Persian. Utilizing the tilt model, variables including duration, pitch amplitude, and tilt are compared between the latter types of sentences. Considering that the studies conducted in the field indicate that the difference between questions and statements is in the last intonation event, the goal is to determine which acoustic parameter(s) are conceptually important in identifying the type of the sentence. Statistical analyses, perceptual tests, and manipulation of acoustic variables are employed to achieve the intended objective of the study. For the production stage 40 questions along with statements—as their counterpart—are recited by five Persian speakers. The data are then analyzed through the Praat software to determine and measure the acoustic parameters. The results of the statistical analyses (student’s t-test) reveal that the averages related to duration and pitch amplitude excluding the tilt variable are higher in the final peak in question sentences. At the next step, the target points are manipulated including edge f0, final peak, rightmost valley, and penultimate valley aiming at converting statements into questions. Perceptual saliences of these acoustic cues are explored through questionnaire identification tests. The perception test results indicate that only the utterance-final edge F0 is a strong perceptual cue providing a distinction between questions and statements. Also, simultaneous manipulation of all the target points is shown to have the greatest effect on the identification of sentence types.