Translation, in its modern conceptualization, is viewed as a complex, ideologically motivated, socially situated phenomenon in the web of intercultural communication where translators are regarded as agents actively involved in both linguistic-communicative mediation and cultural-ideological negotiation. In the related literature at hand, it is claimed that the translator’s various linguistic and sociocultural interventions and their expression of ideology can systematically be identified, described, and explained more efficiently through comprehensive analyses informed by critical discourse analysis (CDA). In brief, it is argued that translation naturally involves all that which CDA entails. CDA, in its various definitions and forms, can thus shed light on the exploration of translation as it adds a sociocultural angle to studying the association between text and context, discursive structures, and social relations. According to Baumgarten and Schröter (Discourse analysis, interpreting and translation. In K. Malmkjær (Ed.), The Routledge handbook of translation studies and linguistics. Routledge, 2018), CDA-informed inquiries have become more prevalent in translation research due to the strong interconnection among linguistic choices, communicative goals, and sociocultural contexts. The inherent affinity between CDA and translation studies (TS) is evident in many contributions that analyze the construction of institutional power and linguistic resources, which, in turn, appraise translators’ positioning as well as their cultural-ideological intervention. In parallel with the burgeoning of CDA as an advanced methodology for rich text-based inquiry, TS has evolved into an interdisciplinary field of study since its advent in the late 1980s. This chapter aims to explore the evolution of the nexus between CDA and TS in Iran, review the locally conducted empirical studies critically on translation through the prism of CDA, describe in full detail the state of the art of CDA in TS in the Iranian context, and provide further insights for the future directions of this very endeavor by speculating where this area of research is heading both in short and longer terms. Thus, the researcher investigated publishing trends in CDA-oriented translation inquiry from the advent of the third millennium to the present. In so doing, following the premises of systematic review studies, the researcher employed the PRISMA updated guidelines through a three-step process (identification, screening, and inclusion). In practice, all scholarly articles written by Iranians and published in this span of time, whether nationally or internationally, reporting on the use of CDA in translation research, were included in the report pool. It was found that the most frequently used CDA frameworks were those of Fairclough’s and van Dijk’s, mainly for analyzing the Persian translation(s) of politically loaded English literary and expressive texts.