This chapter critically analyzes how blockchain technology enhances accountability, transparency, and sustainability in supply chains, especially in green manufacturing and ethical sourcing. As businesses balance profitability with environmental responsibility, the need for secure and traceable supply chain solutions has intensified. The immutable nature of blockchain provides a viable method for documenting transactions within the supply chain, facilitating audits and thwarting tampering. This chapter focuses on utilizing blockchain to create long-term transparent and sustainable supply chains. It explores how blockchain can verify compliance with environmental and ethical standards throughout the production and sourcing processes. By granting stakeholders access to consistent data on sourcing and environmental impacts, blockchain enhances accountability among all involved parties. This increased transparency may foster consumer trust and encourage sustainable purchasing behaviors, enabling end-users to trace products back to their origins and evaluate their environmental effects. This chapter’s primary goal is to outline a framework for integrating blockchain into sustainable supply chains and to analyze specific cases where blockchain has successfully advanced sustainability and ethical sourcing. By providing insights into current blockchain applications in green manufacturing, this chapter aims to highlight both the benefits and challenges, including data privacy concerns, scalability issues, and the need for unified industry standards. In contributing to academic discourse, this chapter emphasizes blockchain’s potential to transform sustainable supply chain management and advance global corporate social responsibility discussions. It puts forth potential paths for future investigations aimed at improving blockchain’s synergy with nascent technologies like the Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI), fostering supply chains that are robust, clear, and environmentally sustainable.