This chapter defines quality in healthcare as delivering care that is safe, effective, patient-centered, timely, efficient, and equitable. It clarifies core terms - quality planning, assurance, control, improvement, and the Quality Management System (QMS) and how they fit together. Evidence-based medicine anchors this approach by uniting best evidence, clinical expertise, and patient values. The chapter also distinguishes cost efficiency (minimizing resources for a given process or output) from cost effectiveness (achieving the greatest health outcome per unit cost, comparing alternatives). Together, these concepts help teams build reliable systems, embed evidence into practice, and deliver improvements patients can feel.