This paper examines the development of translations and studies of Vietnamese literature in Thailand. Vietnamese literature began to be translated and introduced to Thai readers in the 1970s. At first, it was read and circulated among left-wing groups. The translation of Vietnamese literature is closely connected with the growth of Southeast Asian studies in Thai universities. The English and Thai translations of Vietnamese literature also help broaden the scope of comparative literary studies in Thailand. The development of Thai-Vietnamese relations in the post-Renovation period (Đổi Mới) and the establishment of the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) in 2015 provided a favorable setting for the promotion of translating and reading Southeast Asian literatures in Thailand. This is because literature can be seen as a cultural bridge linking people in the region together. Some Vietnamese literary works written in the Renovation period have been translated into foreign languages and are better known at the international level. This also attracted more attention from Thai readers, and more Vietnamese literary works have been translated into Thai from English translations. Selection criteria for translating Vietnamese literature into Thai language are based mainly on availability in English, international acclaim, and literary awards. This paper begins with an overview of the translation of Vietnamese literature in Thailand in which the changing perceptions of Thai people towards Vietnam can be seen. It ends with by examining two short stories in a comparative literary frame in order to discuss how experiences can be shared and lessons can be drawn from reading literary works of our neighboring countries.