Analysis of Morphometric Parameters Using Remote Sensing and GIS for Arkavathi Watershed Region, Karnataka
摘要
The Arkavathi watershed is one of the major watersheds of the State having a geographical area of about 4025 square kilometers. An important hydrological region in Karnataka, it extends to the districts of Ramanagara, Bangalore urban, and rural. Arkavathi is one of the tributaries of the Cauvery River and is known to affect the hydrology of the surrounding area. This study aims to carry out detailed morphometric studies using Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) techniques and seeks to establish the physiographic features of the landforms and the water flow patterns within the watershed. The purpose is to use this information in the development and management of effective management measures for the basin. To create the DEM of the watershed, the study employs the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) dataset which has a 30-m resolution. Strahler’s stream ordering is the method used in ranking stream networks, whilst other stream attributes like drainage density and bifurcation ratio are calculated to assess the form of the watershed. The study suggests that the Arkavathi watershed has more stream segments of the first order, suggesting that there are more small streams in the area. Analyzing the morphometry of the watershed using bifurcation ratio and drainage density the impact of the structure seems to be moderate. This level of influence offers similar effects on the chances of sediment transport and the occurrence of flood hazards. Hence, the use of morphometric analysis helps in achieving a useful understanding of the hydrological and geomorphological factors that are present in the Arkavathi watershed and influence watershed management.